Valutazioni sull'impiego della fotogrammetria sferica nella costruzione di modelli digitali 3D: l’oratorio della chiesa di Santa Caterina a Zejtun (Malta).

L’utilizzo di immagini sferiche per la documentazione dell’architettura è una realtà ormai da tempo consolidata, tuttavia solo di recente si assiste all’implementazione di procedure e allo sviluppo di software per l’estrazione di informazioni metriche da manufatti architettonici. Il presente contributo indaga l’efficacia e le potenzialità d’impiego delle immagini sferiche nella fotogrammetria digitale per la costruzione di modelli 3D attraverso tecniche di image-based 3D modeling utilizzando dati metrici acquisiti nell’ambito di uno studio su manufatti in pietra da taglio maltesi realizzati tra il XVI e XVIII secolo. Nello specifico si descrivono le procedure di modellazione e comparazione di informazioni metriche degli spazi interni dell’oratorio del Santissimo Sacramento annesso alla chiesa di Santa Caterina a Zejtun

AR METHODS FOR THE VISUALIZATION OF THE LOST MARBLE TRIBUNA IN THE MAIN APSE OF THE CATHEDRAL OF PALERMO

In recent years research works have shown that augmented reality tools can offer effective support for the dissemination of architectural heritage, when integrated into the information data extracted with surveying and representation tools and further data from other sources, e.g., history. The development and permanent updating of software platforms dedicated to augmented reality, i.e., Apple's ARKit and Google's ARCore, as well as the introduction of new features, offer today affordable support for the development of AR solutions. Some operational difficulties are due to the rapid and constant evolution of the technologies; the available solutions can be compared to prototypes and the development of user experience effective solutions appears still lacking. The main subject in the construction of AR solutions is still linked to the development of effective methods to properly set up the visualization of 3D models and their interaction with the real scene. The chosen case study for the test of persistent AR solution for the visualization of works of art is the ‘Tribuna’, i.e., a monumental and sculptural marble apparatus, that decorated the main apse of the Cathedral of Palermo

Ruined Archeological Heritage: Survey, 3D Modeling, Virtual Anastylosis.

The study focuses on the use of 3D surveying and digital representation tools for the purpose of documenting archaeological monuments whose restoration involves the disassembly and repositioning of blocks. The case study in question is a building at the west end of the San Biagio archaic sanctuary, located within the archaeological site of Agrigento. The monument is a rectangular building encompassing two pools, whose foundations are suffering from deep decay and there are large spaces between the walls which have become disconnected. Surveying and 3D modelling have been used to illustrate the existing state of the building. Plans, sections and orthophotos have been created to support the indexing of ashlars and to evaluate the structural decay. A 3D model of the most dilapidated part of the building, the north-eastern corner, has been constructed in order to document the direction of the ashlars and where they are positioned in relation to each other. Finally, a restoration model of this building has been built

Ricostruire 2. Architettura - Storia - Rappresentazione

Dall'editoriale di Marco Rosario Nobile: "Il 2014 è stato l’anniversario (bicentenario della nascita) di un grande architetto come Eu- gène Viollet-le-Duc. Per noi, associarsi al ricordo significa anche rilevarne le scomode pre- ferenze (espresse da un ventenne), che farebbero indispettire molti colleghi: «Je le dis peut-être à ma honte, mais je trouve Palladio, Sansovino, Vignole, plus qu’ennuyeux» (lettera da Venezia, estate 1837). Forse questo impietoso giudizio si giustifica con la perfezione delle opere del Cinquecento del centro-nord Italia, nell’assenza di stimoli a rielaborare mentalmente e poi graficamente completamenti, ricostruzioni che comportino qualche difficolta' suppletiva, opere che nella migliore circostanza delineano di per sé la soluzione di un rebus troppo facile, “noioso” per un esperto enigmista. Ricostruire racconta, per esempi di studio, il ridisegno per la storia, ovvero presenta contributi che contemplano il desiderio di prefigurare i casi falliti, quelli sospesi, le vicende in- 5 terrotte o sommerse dai detriti del tempo. Negli ultimi anni, i campi di attività che comportano l’intreccio tra ipotesi storiche e la loro verifica di attendibilità si sono amplificati grazie a strumenti di rappresentazione sempre più sofisticati. Naturalmente si tratta di esercizi, il cui valore non è comunque da derubricare semplicemente alla voce “speculazioni”. Questo gioco ha coinvolto anche storici del Cinquecento di altissima levatura, da Arnaldo Bruschi a Manfredo Tafuri, e con precedenti di questa portata, cercare giustificazioni non serve. Esistono però spiegazioni: si tratta forse di un fascino che gli architetti conoscono bene, quel processo mentale che in passato poteva debordare anche in opere di comple- tamento, mentre, per chi come noi ha assimilato la passione di Ruskin, consente la soprav- vivenza di un angolo per continuare a coltivare le logiche complesse di Viollet-le Duc. Questo numero è stato curato dai dottori Giuseppe Antista e Mirco Cannella"

From aerial survey to representation and visualization: the Temple G of Selinunte

The paper reports the outputs of a research work focused on the segmentation of meshes generated from aerial photogrammetric survey, aiming at the implementation of a database integrated in a web-based Information System developed with 3D-Hop technology, that uses models as the access point to information data. Segmentation is a relevant topic in cultural heritage documentation, since it is the a pre-requisite for the development of systems that connect information data to 3D models. The chosen case study is the Doric Temple G of Selinunte, an archaeological site in southern Sicily. Temple G, one of the biggest Doric Temples of Magna Graecia, it is today a huge heap of ruins, probably due to one or more past earthquakes; though centuries have passed, ruined blocks often show their original shape. The proposed segmentation workflow is based on the identification of the shape and position of The NURBS models have supported the virtual reconstruction of some columns of the southern front of the Temple; the reconstruction model has finally been used for the development of a video that uses motion tracking techniques for the visualization of the columns in the real scene in a footage taken with a drone

Chapter Mostrare l’invisibile: il soffitto trecentesco nascosto del convento di Santa Caterina a Palermo

The 43rd UID conference, held in Genova, takes up the theme of ‘Dialogues’ as practice and debate on many fundamental topics in our social life, especially in these complex and not yet resolved times. The city of Genova offers the opportunity to ponder on the value of comparison and on the possibilities for the community, naturally focused on the aspects that concern us, as professors, researchers, disseminators of knowledge, or on all the possibile meanings of the discipline of representation and its dialogue with ‘others’, which we have broadly catalogued in three macro areas: History, Semiotics, Science / Technology. Therefore, “dialogue” as a profitable exchange based on a common language, without which it is impossible to comprehend and understand one another; and the graphic sign that connotes the conference is the precise transcription of this concept: the title ‘translated’ into signs, derived from the visual alphabet designed for the visual identity of the UID since 2017. There are many topics which refer to three macro sessions: - Witnessing (signs and history) - Communicating (signs and semiotics) - Experimenting (signs and sciences) Thanks to the different points of view, an exceptional resource of our disciplinary area, we want to try to outline the prevailing theoretical-operational synergies, the collaborative lines of an instrumental nature, the recent updates of the repertoires of images that attest and nourish the relations among representation, history, semiotics, sciences

La nuova idea di cupola : teatri sacri e profani nell’Europa d’età barocca tra storia e rappresentazione

A remarkable and diverse series of ceiling structures emerged between the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in several European cities, aiming to offer a theatrical approach to architectural space. This development unfolded amidst the widespread use of frescoed ceilings or hemispherical domes supported by drums and pendentives inspired by Roman models. Designing and building systems consisting of multiple domes, open with oculi, superimposed or surmounted by lanterns, adorned with frescoes or galleries, and featuring light and music chambers required expertise in optics, perspective, acoustics, and, in some cases, even stereotomy. These skills were necessary to transform spaces in both religious and civil architecture into fascinating and mysterious sacred and secular “theatres." Prominent figures in the history of Baroque architecture engaged in this effort, including François Mansart, Louis Le Vau, Pieter Post, Guarino Guarini, Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Andrea Pozzo, Filippo Juvarra, and Giovanni Amico. They aimed to fulfill the expectations of generous and authoritative patrons such as kings, princes, and the most powerful and widespread religious order of the time: the Jesuits. A cross-cutting yet vertically comprehensive history of the application of these unique structures in architecture and the ways in which certain variations met with success has not been outlined thus far. The analysis and comparison of different solutions implemented or only conceptualised (at least those known) and the historiographies of the various territories involved in this international debate aim to significant gaps in the state of the art. Throughout the investigated chronological period, numerous famous and lesser-known examples of these structures can be found throughout Europe and the Mediterranean, discovered in diverse contexts, including major capitals as well as so-called "peripheral" centers. While substantial contributions came from France and Italy, where the initial experiments and the production of documented series took place, other deserving lands and countries were also engaged in this narrative due to the originality of their achievements. Examples include the Netherlands and the "remote" and "Mediterranean" Sicily, where a unique series was constructed. However, it lacks historical iconography, thorough investigations, and comparisons. Historical research in this field has relied on archival sources and the identification of models disseminated through engravings that reached the island. The analytical study of these solutions, designed to be perceived from below and in perspective while maintaining enigmatic morphologies and lighting sources to evoke surprise, has made extensive use of advanced surveying techniques and digital modeling. This was particularly relevant in cases where the domes were inaccessible or in a general state of abandonment

Surveying, modeling and communication techniques for the documentation of medieval wooden painted ceilings in the Mediterranean area

Wooden painted ceilings of the Mediterranean area in the middle age have their origin in the islamic culture and were then spread in the countries under the dominion of the Arabs; some of the surviving ceilings are now located in Sicily and Spain. In the historic centre of Palermo two well preserved medieval ceilings are still surviving; the first, built in the XII century, is located in the Palatine chapel; the second one, built in the XIV century covers the “Sala Magna” in the Steri of Palermo. The research, focused on the ceiling in the Steri, deals with the definition of a process for the integration of surveying techniques (photogrammetry, laser scanning), modelling processes and communication technologies for the documentation of such artefacts. The documentation of painted ceilings requires the strict integration of photographic and 3D metric data; the existing documentation is usually made of documents (drawings, photographs) that keep geometric and metric data separated from the photographic documentation of the paintings. The first stage in this work is therefore addressed to produce a digital document that combines metric and photographic data in a 3D textured model; in the second stage a vocal guide interacting with the 3D model has been developed; such guide, thought as a support to people visiting the Steri, uses a database with historic contents and symbolic interpretation of the painted scenes to answer specific questions and “take” the visitor close to the related paintings

Monitoraggio emergenze ambientali

IL LASER A SCANSIONE PUÒ INTEGRARE LE TECNOLOGIE TOPOGRAFICHE TRADIZIONALI E OTTENERE RAPPRESENTAZIONI CARTOGRAFICHE DEI DISSESTI IN TEMPI RAPIDI E FUNZIONALI ALLE TIPOLOGIE DI INTERVENTO (MANUTENZIONE, CONSOLIDAMENTO STRUTTURALE, PROTEZIONE CIVILE). IL CASO DELLA FRANA DI CARONIA (ME) E L’INTERFERENZA CON LA SP 168